Adding-machine.



Patented luly 29, i902. J. L. LEVIN.

ADDING MACHINE.

2 sheets-sheet (Application' med Nov. 1s, 1901.)

(No Model.)

IN VENTOR. @/ada/zLLel/m.

.dtorn eys.

WITNESSES.

Pate'nted July 29, |902.

J. L. LEVIN.

ADDING MACHINE.

(Application led Nov. 18, 1901.)

2 Sheets-.Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

.IUDAH L. LEVIN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

ADDING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 706,000, dated July 29, 1902.

Application iiled November 18, 1901. 'Serial No. 82,6 2G. (No model.)

The invention consists in the novel con struction and combination of the several parts, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth, and pointed out in the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure lis a plan view of the machine, the casing being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section on line as, Fig. l, looking toward the rear. Fig. 3 is a perspective View of one end of the casing. Fig. 4 is a section on line y y, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a section on line e e, Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a modiied construction in which but one spring tooth is employed.

As shown in the drawings, A is the casing, provided with the front, rear, and intermediate walls B C D, in the rear and intermen diate walls of which are journaled the series of parallelly-arranged horizontal shafts E, carrying the number-carrying wheels F and, beginning with the left, representing units, tens, hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands, dac.

Grepresents hanged tubes sleeved upon the shafts E, stationarily secured to the casing at one end, and H represents gears secured to the free ends of said flanged tubes, so that as the shaft revolves said gears will remain stationary.

I represents bars fast upon the shafts E, adjacent to the liXed gears Il and of a width slightly greater than that of the gear, and J represents spring-teethmounted upon the opposite ends of said bars in operative relation to the gears H K, said teeth being of a width equal to that of both gears and having a rearward extension a, fitting within a suitable housing l), secured to the end of said bar, a spring c being sleeved on said rearward extension to hold said tooth in contact with the teeth of the gear H, as shown in Fig. -l-, the tooth .I being so timed as to mesh with the next adjacent gear at each half-revolution and cause it to be turned through the space of one tooth.

K represents gears similar to the gears ll, but fast upon the shafts E and adapted to mesh with the spring-teeth J, so that as the first shalt to the right is turned through half a revolution thc spring-tooth on said shaft adjacent to the gear on the next shaft will be projected and cause the gear to be turned through onetwentieth of a revolution and the ligure 1 to appear in opening, and so on with each halfrevolution of the shaft to the right. The next adjacent shaft to the left will be turned through one-twentieth of a revolution and cause the next higher number to appear in the opening in the casing.

It will be noticed that l have shown twenty teeth upon each of the gears H K and two sets of numbers from O to 9, making twenty in all on the number-carrying wheels, so that but half of a revolution of the shaft will be required to cause one set of numbers from 0 to 9 to pass the openings z'j, as it is practically impossible to make a complete revolution of the shaft without changing your hold upon the key for turning the same, and, besides which, ones arm becomes so cramped and twisted in trying to make a complete revolution that one is apt to lose control of the key and fail to stop where desired, all of which is not the case Where twenty teeth are used and but half of a revolution is required to go the whole range of numbers, as it can be conveniently done in one continuous movement.` In Fig. 6, however, l have shown a modified construction in which but one set of numbers is employed and the shaft is ren quired to be given a complete turn in order to bringin the whole range of numbers from O to 9. This machine is just as accurate and operates just aswell as the other but for the fact that the other is more con= venient and quicker, and, besides, the operaM tor has better control of the machine.

L represents ratchet-drums having a corres sponding number of teeth to those on the gears, said drums being preferably formed integral with the shafts E, near the outer ends thereof, and M represents keys adapted to fit over the ends of said shafts and butt up against said drums, each of said keys being provided with a double-acting pawl of any suitable construction, preferably as shown in Fig. 5, in which d is the pawl, pivotally secured on the enlarged end e of the key by a screw f, a spring g being adapted to hold said pawl in either of its adjusted positions. Upon the periphery of the enlarged end e of the key are placed a double set of numbers, similar to those on the number carrying wheel, butarranged in the inverse order, one for each tooth of the ratchet.

N is a-rod extending across the machine in proximity to the spring-pawls, being provided on its opposite sides with pins t, adapted to contact with the spring pawl on opposite sides of the pivot-pin and depress either side thereof, as desired, said pins at the same time acting as stops against which the enlarged end g of the spring g is adapted to strike to prevent the key from being turned too far in its return movement. Any suitable stop may, however, be formed on the key instead. The rod N is provided with suitable knobs for turning it and a pointer, which, in eonnection With graduaiions on the casing, indicates exactly in what position the pins are, and should it be desired to use the machine for subtraction by simply giving` the rod N a half-turn all the ratchets will be tilted in the opposite direction and held in that position by the springs g, and the machine is ready for subtraction. Another half-turn of the rod and the machine is again in its normal condition. lt will also be noticed that the springtooth J travels on the gear H with its inner face all the time, so that its respective shaft E is accurately held in position at each onetwentieth of a revolution, and at each halfrevolution the tooth is projected into mesh with the next adjacent gear K to the left at the proper time. This double function of the tooth J is of great importance, as unless the gears are actually centered and held in such position at each movement by said tooth the accuracy of the machine would soon be destroyed by reason of the lost motion and the tooth J would fail to engage with the gearK at the proper time to impart its proportion ate movement to the next adjacent wheel, which is also centered in the same manner.

Supposing it is desired to add together six thousand and four hundred, the machine having first been set to zero the operator takes the thousands-key (the spring-pawls having first been thrown into the adding position by the rod N) and turns it to the right until the number 6 would show through the opening c' and then turns it back till the lug or projection g on the key would'strike the pin h, in the backward movement of which the spring-pawl would have engaged with 'the voaooo ratchet-drum and turned the shaft E until the number (5 would be exposed in the opening j. The operator would then take the hundreds-key and turn it to the left till the number it would show through the opening, the spring-pawl at the same time engaging the ratchet,and turn the key back till it strikes the stop 7i, the shaft being carried with it, and the number-wheel will disclose the figure 4 through the opening, each particular key being so actuated until the desired amountis obtained.

YVhat I claim as my invention isl. in an adding-machine, a series of fixed gear-Wheels spaced at intervals apart, and a corresponding series of shafts journaled in axial line therewith carrying a like set of gearwheels and the number-carrying wheels, a series of spring gear-teeth carried by said shafts in traveling contact with said fixed gears and adapted at intervals to mesh with the movable gears to impart a predetermined movement thereto, and a series of keys sleeved on said shafts having ratchet-and-pawl connection with said shafts to impart movement thereto in either direction as desired.

2. In an adding-machine, a series of fixed gear-wheels spaced at intervals apart, and a corresponding series of shafts journaled in axial line therewith,car1'ying a like set of gearwheels and the number-carrying wheels, of a series of spring-teeth carried by said shafts in mesh with the fixed gears and adapted to be projected into mesh with the movable gears at intervals to impart movement thereto, and a series of keys sleeved on said shaft and having a ratchet-and-pawl connection there with, said keys carrying numbers corresponding to those of the number-wheels but arranged in the inverse order.

3. In an adding-machine, a series of fixed gear-wheels spaced at intervals apart, and a corresponding series of shafts journaled in axial line therewith, carrying a corresponding series of gear-wheels and number-Wheels, carrying a double set of numbers from O7 to 9, of a pair of spring-teeth carried by each of said shafts, traveling in contact with the fixed gears and on opposite sides thereof, adapted at intervals 'to mesh with the next adjacent movable gear one tooth at a time, and a series of keys having ratchet-and-pawl connection with said shafts, said keys carrying numbers corresponding to those on the number-carryin g wheels but arranged in the inverse order.`

4t. In an adding-machine, a series of fixed geanwheels spaced at intervals apart and a corresponding series of shafts journaled in axial line therewith, carrying number-carrying wheels, and a corresponding series of gearwheels, spring-teeth carried by said shafts in mesh with the fixed gears, and adapted to be projected at intervals into mesh with the movable gears, a series of ratchets carried by said 'shafts and a series of reversible pawls adapted to 'transmit motion to the ratchets through the IOO llIO

medium of a key and a reversing-bar for tilting the pawls in either direction.

5. In an adding-machine, a series of Afixed gear-Wheels spaced at intervals apart, and a corresponding series of shafts formed with ratchets journaled in axial line therewith, carrying number-carrying wheels and a corresponding series of gear-wheels,spring-teeth carried by said shafts in mesh with the fixed gears and adapted to be projected at intervals into mesh with the movable gears, and a series of keys carrying numbers corresponding to those of the number-Wheels but arranged in the inverse order, reversible pawls carried by said keys adapted to transmit motion to said ratchets in either direction and a reversing-bar for actuating the pawls.

G. In an adding-machine, a series of fixed gear-Wheels and a corresponding series of shafts carrying a like series of movable gear- Wheels and a series of number carrying wheels, spring gear teeth carried by said shafts meshing with the fixed gears and of a width greater than said gears and adapted at determined intervals to mesh with the next adjacent movable gear to the left to impart a proportionate movement thereto, a series of ratchet-dru ms carried by said shafts, formed with teeth corresponding in number to those of the gears, a series of keys sleeved on said shafts and bearing numbers corresponding to those of the number-wheels, but arranged in the inverse order, and a series of reversible pawls carried by said keys and adapted to turn said shaft in either direction.

7. In an adding-machine, aseries of shafts and number-carrying wheels and means for transmitting motion from one shaft to the other in proportion to the numerical values which they represent, of a series of keys carrying numbers corresponding to those of the number-carrying wheels, but arranged in the inverse order, ratchet-and-pawl connections between said keys and shafts, means for reversing said paWl to turn the shaft in either direction and a stop to limit the return movement of the key.

8. In an adding-machine, a series of fixed gear-Wheels and a corresponding series of shafts carrying a like series of movable gearwheels, and a series of number carrying Wheels provided with two sets of numbers from O77 to 9, a pair of spring gear-teeth carried by each of said shafts meshing with the fixed gears on opposite sides thereof and adapted at intervals to move the next adjacent gear through the space of one tooth, said spring-teeth being of a width equal to that of both gears, a series of ratchet-drums formed on the shafts and having teeth equal in number to those of the gears, a series-of keys formed with a lug or projection sleeved on said shafts and bearing numbers corresponding` to those of the number-wheels but arranged in the inverse order, a series of tilting pawls carried by said keys and springs for holding said pawls in either direction, and a bar formed with pins for tilting said pawls to turn the shaft in either direction, said pins forming stops against which said lugs or projections are adapted to strike in the return movement of the key.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JUDAH L. LEVIN.

Vitnesses:

O'rro F. BARTHEL, JACOB LEVIN. 

